PTI Assignment 5: Chapter Review (Chapter 3) of textbook Discovering Computers
Lecturer: Mr. Tri Djoko Wahjono, Ir, M.Sc.
By: Veronica Ong (1701317660) of class 01PCT
Task: Chapter Review of Chapter 3 from the Textbook Discovering Computers.
Lecturer: Mr. Tri Djoko Wahjono, Ir, M.Sc.
By: Veronica Ong (1701317660) of class 01PCT
Task: Chapter Review of Chapter 3 from the Textbook Discovering Computers.
1. What are the four categories of application software?
Application software consists of programs designed to make
users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks. The major
categories of application software are business software; graphics and
multimedia software; home, personal, and educational software; and
communications software.
2. What are the seven forms through which software is
available?
Application software is available in a variety of forms.
Packaged software is mass-produced, copyrighted retail software that meets the
needs of a variety of users. Custom software performs functions specific to a
business or industry. A web application is a Web site that allows users to
access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected
to the Internet. Open source software is provided for use, modification, and
redistribution. Shareware is a copyrighted software that is distributed free
for a trial period. Freeware is copyrighted software provided at no cost by an
individual or a company that retains all rights to the software. Public-domain
software is free software donated for public use and has no copyright
restrictions.
3. How do the Operating System and Utility Programs work
with application software?
To use application software, your computer must be running
system software, specifically an operating system. The system software serves
as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s
hardware. Each time you start a computer, the operating system is loaded
(copied) from the computer’s hard disk into memory. Once loaded, it coordinates
all the computer’s activities, including starting application software and
transferring data among input/output devices and memory. A utility program is a
type of system software that assists users with controlling or maintaining the
operations of a computer, its devices, or its software.
4. What are the characteristics of a user interface?
Personal computer operating systems often use the concept of
a desktop, which is an on-screen work area that has graphical user interface.
One way to start a program in Windows is to move the pointer to the Start
button on the taskbar and click the Start button by pressing and releasing
a button on the mouse. Then, click the
program name on the menu or in a list. Once loaded into memory, the program is
displayed in a window on the desktop.
5. What are the key features of widely used business
programs?
Business software assists people in becoming more effective
and efficient while performing daily business activities. Business software
includes the following programs. Word processing software, sometimes called a
word processor, allows users to create a document by entering text and
inserting images, edit the document by making changes, and format the document
by changing its appearance. Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data
in rows and columns, perform calculations, recalculate when data changes, and
chart the data. Database software allows users to create, access, and manage a
database, which is a collection of data organized to allow access, retrieval,
and use of that data. Presentation software allows users to create a slideshow
that is displayed on a monitor or projection screen. Note taking software
enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches
on a page and then save the page. Note taking software enables users to enter
typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches on a page and then save
the page as part of a notebook. A personal information manager (PIM) includes
features to help users organize personal information. In addition to PIM
software, a huge variety of business and other software for phones is
available. A software suite is a collection of individual programs available
together as a unit. At a minimum, business software suites include word
processing, spreadsheet, e-mail, and presentation programs. Project management
software allows users to plan, schedule, track and analyze the events,
resources, and costs of a project. Accounting software helps companies record
and report their financial transactions. Document management software provides
a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by
converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user.
6. What are the key features of widely used graphics and
multimedia programs?
Graphics and multimedia software includes the following
programs. Computer-aided design (CAD) software assists in creating engineering,
architectural, and scientific designs. Desktop publishing (DTP) software
enables professional designers to create sophisticated documents that contain
text, graphics, and colors. Paint software, also called illustration software,
lets users draw graphical images with various on-screen tools. Image editing
software provides the capabilities of paint software and includes the
capability to enhance and modify existing images. Professional photo editing
software is a type of image editing software that allows high-volume digital
photo users to edit and customize digital photos. Video editing software allows
professionals to modify segments of a video. Audio editing software lets users
modify audio clips, produce studio-quality soundtracks, and add audio to video
clips. Multimedia authoring software allows users to combine text, graphics,
audio, video, and animation in an interactive application. Web page authoring
software helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include
graphical images, video, audio, animation, and other special effects with
interactive content.
7. What are the key features of widely used home, personal,
and educational programs?
Software for home, personal, and educational use includes
the following programs. Personal finance software is an accounting program that
helps users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track income and expenses,
track investments, and evaluate financial plans. Legal software assists in the
preparation of legal documents. Tax preparation software guides users through
filing federal taxes. Personal DTP software helps users create newsletters,
brochures, flyers, advertisements, greeting and business cards, logos, and Web
pages. Personal paint/image editing software provides an easy-to-use interface
with functions tailored to meet the needs of home and small business users.
Personal photo editing software is a type of image editing software used to
edit digital photos. Photo management software helps users view, organize,
sort, catalog, and share digital photos. Application software often includes a
clip art/image gallery, which is a collection of clip art and photos. Video and
audio editing software is used to edit home movies, add music or other sounds,
and share movies on the web. Home design/landscaping software assists with the
design, remodeling, or improvement of a home or landscape. Travel and mapping
software enables users to view maps, determine route directions, and locate
points of interest. Reference software provides valuable and thorough
information for all individuals. Educational software includes interactive
games, videos, and other programs to support hobbies or provide amusement.
8. What are the advantages of and ways to access web
applications?
A Web application, or web app requires less disk space on a
computer than installed software and is less costly to upgrade. Users often
interact with Web applications directly at the Web site, referred to as the
host, through their web browser. Some web sites require that you download the
software to your computer or device.
9. What are the types of application software used in
communications?
Application software for communications includes Web
browsers to access and view Web pages; email programs to transmit messages via
a network; instant messaging software for real-time exchange of messages or
files; chat room software to have real-time, online typed conversations; text,
picture, and video messaging software; RSS aggregator program to keep track of
changes made to Web sites; blog software or blogware, to create and maintain a
blog; newsgroup/message board programs that allow online written discussions;
FTP programs to upload and download files on the internet; VoIP (Internet
telephony), which allows users to speak to other users over the internet; and
video conferencing software for meetings on a network.
10. What learning aids are available for application
software?
To assist in the learning process, many programs offer Help
features. Online help is the electronig equivalent of a user manual. Most
online help links to web based help, which provides updates and more
comprehensive resources. Popular in business, industry, and schools, web based
training (WBT) is a type of computer based training that uses internet
technology and consists of application software on the Web.
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